The Slave Trade 
Africans had been brought to Jamestown as early as 1619, but as late as 1670, they numbered only about 2,000 in Virginia-only about 7% of the total population of the South.

In the 1680s, the wages in England rose, therefore decreasing the number of indentured servants coming to America.  By the mid-1680s, black slaves outnumbered white servants among the plantation colonies' new arrivals.